Potensi Produksi Bio-Oil dengan Metode Pirolisis Katalitik Menggunakan Katalis Zeolit dari Ampas Tebu: Studi Literatur
Abstract
Bagas adalah ampas tebu dari proses penggilingan atau pengepresan tebu, terdiri dari serpihan lunak dalam jumlah besar dengan kadar air 46-52%, kadar serat 43-52%, dan padatan terlarut sekitar 2-6%. Sejauh ini baru 30-50% ampas tebu yang telah digunakan di Indonesia. Kandungan lignoselulosa yang tinggi pada ampas tebu memungkinkan untuk digunakan sebagai bio-oil. Produksi bio-oil dapat diperoleh dengan cara pirolisis, proses ini diklasifikasikan menjadi 3 jenis yaitu slow pyrolysis, fast pyrolysis dan flash pyrolysis. Pirolisis katalitik telah terbukti meningkatkan bio-oil dengan menghilangkan spesies oksigen, meningkatkan nilai kalor, menurunkan viskositas dan meningkatkan stabilitas. Katalis berbasis zeolit (ZSM-5) paling sering digunakan untuk perengkahan dan dehidrasi polimer. Artikel ini membahas produksi bio-oil dengan pirolisis katalitik menggunakan katalis zeolit dari ampas tebu sebagai bahan alternatif di Indonesia.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
X. Wei, X. Xue, L. Wu, H. Yu, J. Liang, and Y. Sun, “High-grade bio-oil produced from coconut shell: A comparative study of microwave reactor and core-shell catalyst,” Energy, vol. 212, p. 118692, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118692.
S. Cheng, L. Wei, X. Zhao, and J. Julson, “Application, deactivation, and regeneration of heterogeneous catalysts in bio-oil upgrading,” Catalysts, vol. 6, no. 12, 2016, doi: 10.3390/catal6120195.
Liu, R., Rahman, M. M., Sarker, M., Chai, M., Li, C., & Cai, J, “A review on the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass for the bio-oil production with ZSM-5: Focus on structure,” Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 199, no. November 2019, p. 106301, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.106301.
H. EBTKE, “Menteri ESDM : Perlu Upaya Konkrit dan Terencana Capai Target Bauran 23% Di Tahun 2025,” Direktorat Jenderal Energi Bari Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi (EBTKE), Indonesia, 2021.
A. Ahdiyat, “Potensi Energi Terbarukan Indonesia Baru Tergarap 0,3% sampai 2021,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/10/25/potensi-energi-terbarukan-indonesia-baru-tergarap-03-sampai-2021.
BPS, “Bauran Energi Terbarukan (Persen), 2015-2021,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/7/1824/1/bauran-energi-terbarukan.html.
M. I. Jahirul, M. G. Rasul, A. A. Chowdhury, and N. Ashwath, “Biofuels production through biomass pyrolysis- A technological review,” Energies, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 4952–5001, 2012, doi: 10.3390/en5124952.
W. N. R. W. Isahak, M. W. M. Hisham, M. A. Yarmo, and T. Y. Yun Hin, “A review on bio-oil production from biomass by using pyrolysis method,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 5910–5923, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.05.039.
I. Demiral, A. Eryazici, and S. Şensöz, “Bio-oil production from pyrolysis of corncob (Zea mays L.),” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 36, pp. 43–49, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.10.045.
A. Zulkania, “Pengaruh temperatur dan ukuran partikel biomassa terhadap,” Teknoin, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 328–336, 2016.
L. A. Rahmawati, “Studi Literatur Produksi Bioethanol dari Ampas Tebu dengan Metode Pyrolisis,” J. Enviscience, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 46, 2020, doi: 10.30736/4ijev.v4iss1.131.
M. Nuruddin, R. A. Santoso, and R. A. Hidayati, “Desain Komposisi Bahan Komposit yang Optimal Berbahan Baku Utama Limbah Ampas Serat Tebu (Baggase),” Pros. Semin. Nas. Teknoka, vol. 3, no. 2502–8782, p. 53, 2018, doi: 10.22236/teknoka.v3i0.2915.
S. Jamilatun, J. Pitoyo, Z. Arifah, S. Amelia, and A. Maarif, “Pirolisis Ampas Tebu ( Saccharum officinarum Linn ): Pengaruh Suhu terhadap Yield dan Karakteristik Produk,” 2022.
BPS, “Luas Tanaman Perkebunan Besar Menurut Jenis Tanaman (Ribu Hektar), 2017-2021,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/54/1847/2/luas-tanaman-perkebunan-besar-menurut-jenis-tanaman.html.
BPS, “Produksi Perkebunan Besar Menurut Jenis Tanaman (Ton), 2017-2021,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/54/94/1/produksi-perkebunan-besar-menurut-jenis-tanaman.html.
BPS, “Statistik Tebu Indonesia 2021,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2022/11/30/6392bf8e4265949485d85e72/statistik-tebu-indonesia-2021.html.
Nasruddin, Sampebulu, V., Hartawan, Imriyanti, Mushar, P., Raditya, M. Y., & Palulun, L. N, “The Effects of Sugarcane Waste and Bagasse Ash Additives on Concrete Block Mechanical Properties with NonDestructive Test Methods,” AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 2543, 2022, doi: 10.1063/5.0095285.
W. Andriyanti, Suyanti, and Ngasifudin, “Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Polimer Superabsorben dari Ampas Tebu,” Pros. Pertem. dan Present. Ilm. Teknol. Akselerator dan Apl., vol. 13, pp. 1–7, 2012.
E. Erawati, W. B. Setiawan, and P. Mulyono, “karakteristik Bio-Oil Hasil Pirolisis Ampas Tebu (Bagasse),” J. Kim. Terap. Indones., vol. 15, p. 2, 2013.
F. Febriyanti, N. Fadila, A. S. Sanjaya, Y. Bindar, and A. Irawan, “Pemanfaatan Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menjadi Bio-Char, Bio-Oil Dan Gas Dengan Metode Pirolisis,” J. Chemurg., vol. 3, no. 2, p. 12, 2019, doi: 10.30872/cmg.v3i2.3578.
A. Kuntaarsa, “Tinjauan Titik Nyala Dari Pembuatan Bio Oil Dari Pirolisis Kayu Pinus dengan Katalisator Zeolit Alam,” Simp. Nas. RAPI XVIIIII, pp. 392–397, 2019.
M. Rizky, S. Bahri, and Yusnimar, “Konversi Kayu Ketapang (Terminalia Catappa. L) Menjadi Bio-Oil Menggunakan Metode Pirolisis Dengan Katalis Co-Mo/NZA,” Jom FTEKNIK, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–10, 2014.
Rahmatullah, Rizka Wulandari Putri, and Enggal Nurisman, “Produksi bio-oil dari limbah kulit durian dengan proses pirolisis lambat,” J. Tek. Kim., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 50–53, 2019, doi: 10.36706/jtk.v25i2.425.
P. R. Bhoi, A. S. Ouedraogo, V. Soloiu, and R. Quirino, “Recent advances on catalysts for improving hydrocarbon compounds in bio-oil of biomass catalytic pyrolysis,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 121, no. March 2019, p. 109676, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.109676.
Z. Achmad, A. Kuntaarsa, B. Alfitamara, and A. Virgiandini, “Renewable Energy dari Pirolisis Kayu Pinus dengan Katalis Zeolit Renewable Energy from Pyrolysis of Pine Wood with Zeolite Catalyst,” vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 1–5, 2022.
K. Ridhuan, D. Irawan, and R. Inthifawzi, “Proses Pembakaran Pirolisis dengan Jenis Biomassa dan Karakteristik Asap Cair yang Dihasilkan,” Turbo J. Progr. Stud. Tek. Mesin, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 69–78, 2019, doi: 10.24127/trb.v8i1.924.
N. Toscano Miranda, I. Lopes Motta, R. Maciel Filho, and M. R. Wolf Maciel, “Sugarcane bagasse pyrolysis: A review of operating conditions and products properties,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 149, no. June, p. 111394, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111394.
Barros, J. A., Krause, M. C., Lazzari, E., Bjerk, T. R., do Amaral, A. L., Caramão, E. B., & Krause, L. C, “Chromatographic characterization of bio-oils from fast pyrolysis of sugar cane residues (straw and bagasse) from four genotypes of the Saccharum Complex,” Microchem. J., vol. 137, pp. 30–36, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.09.015.
Q. Sohaib, A. Muhammad, and M. Younas, “Fast pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse: Effect of pyrolysis conditions on final product distribution and properties,” Energy Sources, Part A Recover. Util. Environ. Eff., vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 184–190, 2017, doi: 10.1080/15567036.2016.1212292.
A. R. Teixeira Cardoso, N. M. Conrado, M. C. Krause, T. R. Bjerk, L. C. Krause, and E. B. Caramão, “Chemical characterization of the bio-oil obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (industrial waste) from the species Erianthus Arundinaceus,” J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 7, no. 2, p. 102970, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2019.102970.
S. Stegen and P. Kaparaju, “Effect of temperature on oil quality obtained through pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse,” Fuel, vol. 276, no. May, p. 118112, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118112.
A. K. Varma and P. Mondal, “Pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in semi batch reactor: Effects of process parameters on product yields and characterization of products,” Ind. Crops Prod., vol. 95, pp. 704–717, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.11.039.
S. Ayyadurai and K. D. Arunachalam, “Experimental investigations on sugarcane bagasse pyrolytic oil production from flash pyrolysis using a rotary screw reactor,” Biofuels, Bioprosucts and Biorefining, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 576–586, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2330.
T. K. Dada, M. Sheehan, S. Murugavelh, and E. Antunes, “A review on catalytic pyrolysis for high-quality bio-oil production from biomass,” 2021.
S. F. K. Ahmad, U. F. M. Ali, K. M. Isa, and S. C. B. Gopinath, “Study on characterization of bio-oil derived from sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum barberi) for application as biofuel,” Clean Energy, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1062–1069, 2022, doi: 10.1093/ce/zkac012.
Kristiina, I., “In Situ and ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System,” energy & fuels, 2015, doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02165.
K. Wang, P. A. Johnston, and R. C. Brown, “Comparison of in-situ and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis in a micro-reactor system,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 173, pp. 124–131, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.097.
Kumar, R., Strezov, V., Lovell, E., Kan, T., Weldekidan, H., He, J., ... & Scott, J, “Bioresource Technology Bio-oil upgrading with catalytic pyrolysis of biomass using Copper / zeolite- Nickel / zeolite and Copper-Nickel / zeolite catalysts,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 279, no. December 2018, pp. 404–409, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.067.
Rehan, M., Miandad, R., Barakat, M. A., Ismail, I. M. I., Almeelbi, T., Gardy, J., ... & Nizami, A. S., “International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation Effect of zeolite catalysts on pyrolysis liquid oil,” Int. Biodeterior. Biodegradation, vol. 119, pp. 162–175, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.11.015.
S. D. Rabiu, M. Auta, and A. S. Kovo, “An upgraded bio-oil produced from sugarcane bagasse via the use of HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst,” Egypt. J. Pet., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 589–594, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ejpe.2017.09.001.
J. Osorio and F. Chejne, “Bio-Oil Production in Fluidized Bed Reactor at Pilot Plant from Sugarcane Bagasse by Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis,” Waste and Biomass Valorization, vol. 0, no. 0, p. 0, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s12649-017-0025-8.
Z. Deng and Y. Wang, “Comparative Performance of Catalytic and Non- Catalytic Pyrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse in Catatest Reactor System Comparative Performance of Catalytic and Non-Catalytic Pyrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse in Catatest Reactor System,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/778/1/012069.
Novita, S. A., Santosa, S., Nofialdi, N., Andasuryani, A., & Fudholi, A. Artikel Review: Parameter Operasional Pirolisis Biomassa. Agroteknika, 4(1), 53-67. 2021.
R. E. Guedes, A. S. Luna, and A. R. Torres, “Operating parameters for bio-oil production in biomass pyrolysis: A review,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 129, no. November 2017, pp. 134–149, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jaap.2017.11.019.
Nuraini, N. Osman, and E. Astuti, “Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Bio-Oil Production Using Waste Biomass via Pyrolysis Process : Mini Review,” J. Bahan Alam Terbarukan, vol. 11, no. 200, pp. 37–49, 2022.
M. Kumar, S. N. Upadhyay, and P. K. Mishra, “Pyrolysis of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Leaves and Characterization of Products,” ACS Omega, vol. 7, no. 32, pp. 28052–28064, 2022, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02076.
X. Hu and M. Gholizadeh, “Progress of the applications of bio-oil,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 134, no. July, p. 110124, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110124.
N. C. Pereira, “Biomass and Bioenergy Production of bio-oil and activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse and molasses,” vol. 85, pp. 178–186, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.12.013.
W. Treedet and R. Suntivarakorn, “Design and operation of a low cost bio-oil fast pyrolysis from sugarcane bagasse on circulating fl uidized bed reactor in a pilot plant,” Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 179, no. June, pp. 17–31, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2018.06.006.
S. Xiu and A. Shahbazi, “Bio-oil production and upgrading research: A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 4406–4414, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.04.028.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32672/jse.v8i2.5613
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional.
Bekerjasama dengan Native Proofreading
